The No-Sex Class: A Chilling Confirmation From Slavery Apologists Before the American Civil War

Well here’s an interesting tidbit on maintenance of the two-sphere model of gender that I stumbled across on a coffee-shop “library.” The book is called Unruly Women: The Politics of Social and Sexual Control in the Old South. In a coffee-shop setting I’ve only been able to read the introduction but the rest of the book looks interesting as well.

Here’s an eye-opening couple of paragraphs from the introduction though.

To link female honor to purity would have proven sexually inconvenient for southern white men, however, had they not bifurcated the sexuality of white and black women. The creation of Jezebel provided the rationale for allowing sexual relations between white men and black women. Southern proslavery ideologue William Harper made no apology for the sexual degrading of black women by white men. He simply extended his theory that “slavery anticipates the benefits of of civilization and retards the evils of civilization” into the realm of sexual relations.

By regarding black women as a “class of women who set little value on chastity,” he argued that slavery protected black women by saving them from the alternative of being cast out of society in the manner “justly and necessarily applied to promiscuous free women.”

Harper further argued that the sexual access to enslaved women discouraged white men from debauching “pure” white women and provided them with “easy gratification” for their “hot passions” without violating the code of southern honor. Finally, he reasoned, such sexual access made white men “less liable to those extraordinary fascinations, with which worthless [white] women sometimes entangle their victims.”

Source: Introduction, pg #9

What’s really boggling is that Harper, like Aquinas, Augustine, and countless others who’ve endorsed this view of heterosexuality imagined they could endorse this outlook and still go to Heaven when they died.

This would sound more shocking if virtually the same sentiments didn’t turn up in the Middle Ages and even earlier: a relatively small number of “jezebels:” prostitutes, slaves, and occasionally even boys are sacrificed at the alter of, well, unalterable male lust in order to… what? To preserve the nigh-unto-asexually disinterested sexual “purity” of “true womanhood.

One can only imagine how actual true women felt about it… all of them obviously — both the “bad,” “debauched,” or “fallen” ones were overborn sexually, and the “pure,” “true,” and “virtuous” who were allowed no sexual expression at all.

Anyway, it’s a totally horrifying but also very tidy encapsulation of the dominant paradigm of women as the obligatory no-sex class and men as the compulsive sex class.

Anyway, knowing nothing else about the book (though I’ll see if I can get back to the coffee shop to read more of it) the very quick skim I was able to give it looks like a seriously interesting look at a usually seriously overlooked population and the dynamics women of all social and economic classes were subject to before, during, and after the Civil War.

On the very off-hand chance anyone else has read more of it feel free to let me know what you think in comments.

#permalink

I haven’t read this book, but I’ve read a chunk of other stuff about gender relations in antebellum America, and as far as I know this is the standard take on what was going on. The story’s even more complicated and interesting, because the Southern view, as expressed here, was the subject of a Northern critique of gender identity and gender relations. Abolitionist criticized slavery for producing exactly the attitudes towards sex and gender you’re bemoaning. In fact, there was a whole population of abolitionist men who read as feminine, not to mention a large population of female anti-slavery crusaders, and their bending of traditional gender identities seems to have been at least in part intentional. (I think if I recall correctly it was part of a larger project of personal liberation, and in some cases was tied to free love, communal living, blah blah blah, though not by any means all.)

It’s late and I’m quite out of it, but this is interesting; I’ll have to think about it more.

#permalink

My , I always thought it was to put fear into the Black man. I would imagine that they way they regarded slaves humanity, having sex with a black woman would be as having sex with sheep. There would be no need to define a Black woman as Jezebel. It might have been to appease the white wife’s animosity, if the slave was his wife’s sister or cousin. Quite often it was all in the family.

#permalink
I know of two really good and peripherally related (in different ways) books on the topic. One is “Albion’s Seed” where it talks about the genesis (or migration from England) of the main subcultures of the US, including that of the South. The whole Southern take on gender and sexuality among other things came from a particular region of southern England-which is to this day known for fried food, conservative attitudes, high rates of teen pregnancy and crime, anti-intellectualism, high rates of evangelism and fundamentalism, jingoism, militaristic values, and more. (Also deals with the sexual attitudes brought by the other groups such as Puritans, Quakers, and Ulstermen.) The other is “Rituals of Blood” by Orlando Patterson. While it makes some sexist assumptions about the pressures on black families after slavery, it does a very good job of discussing the long term effect on a culture of both the sexual/familial disruptions of the slave system and forcing West Africans to adopt the morays of South English lower classes, as well as the effects on the culture and deeper implications of reconstruction and the violence of the KKK. (For those who have read “Blood Rites” this is a very good look at how such things played out in the context of the Antebellum, Reconstruction, and Jim Crowe South.)

Post new comment

The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.